In an op-ed for Roll Call, Center Program Director Richard Nephew and Elizabeth Rosenberg of the Center for a New American Security argue that it is far preferable to conclude a deal with Iran that addresses enrichment concerns via direct diplomacy and that a move to sanctions measures could compromise any chance to resolve the nuclear issue peacefully. However, they note that since sanctions may be necessary if a deal is not reached, it is prudent for Congress and the Administration to initiate contingency planning on an effective strategy and legal authorities to respond in the event that Iran cannot conclude a deal or cheats after it is agreed.
This report examines the prospects of supplying gas from the Eastern Mediterranean to Europe from a technical, geopolitical, and economic perspective.
Achieving the goal of net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050 requires a substantial reduction in the share of high-emitting fossil fuels in primary energy consumption.
It has been over two months since the European Union (EU) ban on Russian crude oil entered into force, triggering friction in oil markets and petroleum supply chains.