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Saudi Arabia’s recent moves into the liquefied natural gas (LNG) market may be a sign the giant oil exporter is looking to expand into a rapidly growing and politically influential market it had long ignored.
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From oil pipelines crossing the border to integrated electricity grids, energy trade has long been a key part of the economic relationship between the United States and Canada....
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The relationship between the US and Canada, each of which is the other’s principal source of imported energy, has become increasingly fraught in recent months. Canada and the...
External Publications with Noah Kaufman & Chris Bataille • March 10, 2025
Energy-economic models are increasingly being used to inform climate mitigation policies. This Comment describes three situations where models misinform policymakers and calls for more iterative, policy-orientated modelling exercises that maximize learning in the pursuit of long-term emissions reductions goals.
Energy-economic models are increasingly being used to inform climate mitigation policies. This Comment describes three situations where models misinform policymakers and calls for more iterative, policy-orientated modelling exercises that maximize learning in the pursuit of long-term emissions reductions goals.
Energy-economic models are complex quantitative tools used to inform climate policymaking by projecting future energy systems, economies and environmental outcomes. They derive relationships between large numbers of variables using a combination of theoretical concepts and historical data. Energy-economic models can be useful tools to help answer questions about policy design and costs, likely responses to incentives, how effects cascade across interconnected economic sectors, and more.
Policymakers look to modelling to support policy development or to help justify their preferred strategies. Analysts benefit when policymakers use their models to inform real-world decisions. Few incentives, if any, encourage the cautious and limited use of modelling in climate policymaking.
The general limitations of modelling are well documented1, but the modelling of climate mitigation policies may be especially prone to misuse. To help policymakers avoid these misuses, we describe three common situations that show how models can misinform climate policy decision-makers: (1) when the time horizon of the analysis is too long; (2) when the analysis is insufficiently comprehensive; and (3) when the analysis is insufficiently detailed. We finish with a discussion of how more limited and iterative modelling exercises can inform decision-making more effectively.
President Donald Trump’s second term has begun with sweeping changes, just as the candidate promised: tariffs instituted against allies and adversaries alike, budgets and programs cut, and entire agencies shuttered.
The critical minerals executive order signed by President Trump on March 20, 2025, aims to significantly increase domestic production of critical minerals within the United States.
President Donald Trump has made energy a clear focus for his second term in the White House. Having campaigned on an “America First” platform that highlighted domestic fossil-fuel growth, the reversal of climate policies and clean energy incentives advanced by the Biden administration, and substantial tariffs on key US trading partners, he declared an “energy emergency” on his first day in office.
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External Publications with Noah Kaufman & Chris Bataille • March 10, 2025